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The preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) gene is aberrantly expressed in chronic lymphoproliferative disorders (CLD). We produced and characterized an anti-PRAME monoclonal antibody (MoAb), which was then applied in a quantitative flow cytometric (QFC) method to evaluate PRAME expression in leukemic cells from the peripheral blood (PB) of 47 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and seven with mantle cell lymphoma as well as in the PB mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and B lymphocytes from 15 healthy subjects. Approximately 90% of CLD, but none of the normal samples, presented more than 20% of PRAME+ lymphocytes. Moreover, the intensity of PRAME expression was significantly higher in CLD cells compared to normal B lymphocytes and PBMCs. By immunofluorescence microscopy and by permeabilized flow cytometry we demonstrated that PRAME is a membrane antigen …