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We have developed particle bombardment-mediated transformation procedure for Hypericum perforatum L. (St. John's wort), an important medicinal species that remains highly recalcitrant towards Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Among the major transformation techniques evaluated in the present study (Agrobacterium tumefaciens-, A. rhizogenes- and biolistics-mediated), particle-bombardment-mediated gene transfer was found to be the most successful one. GUS positive cells were obtained from organogenic nodules bombarded with the plasmid vector pCAMBIA1301 encoding an intron-containing β-glucuronidase (gusA) and hygromycin phosphotransferase (hpt) genes. After 3 months of continuous selection of bombarded nodules with 20mgl⁻¹ hygromycin, transgenic hygromycin-resistant callus cultures and subsequently transgenic plants were produced. PCR analysis of DNA isolated from GUS …