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The study examined whether a measure of learning potential is prospectively related to the success of a vocational rehabilitation program for patients with severe mental illness in Germany. At rehabilitation intake (November 2002 to January 2004), 41 persons with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders completed a test-train-test version of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test as a measure of learning potential. Research participants were classified as high scorers, learners, or nonlearners. Rehabilitation outcome was assessed with measures of work capability during the rehabilitation program, level of functioning during rehabilitation and at three-month follow-up, and level of vocational integration at three-month follow-up. Individual learning potential was associated with the improvement of work-related learning ability during rehabilitation and with the level of functioning and the level of …