作者
Shabir A Madhi, Clare L Cutland, Locadiah Kuwanda, Adriana Weinberg, Andrea Hugo, Stephanie Jones, Peter V Adrian, Nadia Van Niekerk, Florette Treurnicht, Justin R Ortiz, Marietjie Venter, Avy Violari, Kathleen M Neuzil, Eric AF Simões, Keith P Klugman, Marta C Nunes
发表日期
2014/9/4
期刊
New England Journal of Medicine
卷号
371
期号
10
页码范围
918-931
出版商
Massachusetts Medical Society
简介
Background
There are limited data on the efficacy of vaccination against confirmed influenza in pregnant women with and those without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and protection of their infants.
Methods
We conducted two double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV3) in South Africa during 2011 in pregnant women infected with HIV and during 2011 and 2012 in pregnant women who were not infected. The immunogenicity, safety, and efficacy of IIV3 in pregnant women and their infants were evaluated until 24 weeks after birth. Immune responses were measured with a hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assay, and influenza was diagnosed by means of reverse-transcriptase–polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) assays of respiratory samples.
Results
The study cohorts included 2116 pregnant women who were not infected with HIV and 194 …
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SA Madhi, CL Cutland, L Kuwanda, A Weinberg… - New England Journal of Medicine, 2014