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Atherosclerotic renovascular disease (RVD) amplifies damage in a stenotic kidney by inducing pro-inflammatory mechanisms and disrupting tissue remodeling. Oxidative stress is increased in RVD, but its direct contribution to renal injury has not been fully established. The authors hypothesized that chronic antioxidant intervention in RVD would improve renal function and attenuate tissue injury. Single-kidney hemodynamics and function at baseline and during vasoactive challenge were quantified using electron-beam computed tomography in pigs after 12 wk of experimental RVD (simulated by concurrent hypercholesterolemia and renal artery stenosis, n= 7), RVD daily supplemented with antioxidant vitamins C (1 g), and E (100 IU/kg)(RVD+ Vitamins, n= 7), or controls (normal, n= 7). Renal tissue was studied ex vivo using Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. Basal renal blood flow (RBF) and …