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Inherent soil properties often define the soil's basic functions, but human management can have superimposing impacts on the quality of soil. It is therefore challenging to interpret Soil Health (SH) measurements in the context of a region's soils and cropping systems. We examined the effects of soil texture, a dominant inherent soil property, and cropping system on SH indicators for New York, USA soils. A dataset of 1,750 soil samples was analyzed for SH indicators including Soil Organic Matter (SOM), Permanganate-Oxidizable Carbon (POXC), Soil Respiration (Resp), soil protein (Protein), Available Water Capacity (AWC), Wet Aggregate Stability (WAS), surface and subsurface penetration resistance, and seven soil chemical properties. Measured physical and biological indicators were affected by both soil texture and cropping system. AWC measured on disturbed samples was mostly affected by texture (37.4 …