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• We performed a one-year follow-up study of 266 alcoholics who had received extensive psychiatric assessment, including diagnosis with the National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule andDSM-IIIcriteria, during their index treatment episode. The aims were to (1) evaluate the relationship between additionalDSM-IIIdiagnoses in alcoholics and outcome at follow-up, (2) assess the relative prognostic power of different ways of measuring psychopathology by comparing categoricalDSM-IIIdiagnoses and a global symptom severity measure, and (3) assess whether ratings of psychopathology add to the prognostic power of an alcoholdependence measure. While coexistent psychiatric diagnoses generally predicted poorer treatment outcome, there were significant interactions in the relationship between diagnoses and treatment outcome for men and women. For men, having an additional …