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2. Benowitz NL, Bernert JT, Caraballo RS, et al. Optimal serum cotinine levels for distinguishing cigarette smokers and nonsmokers within different racial/ethnic groups in the United States between 1999 and 2004. Am J Epidemiol. 2009; 169: 236-248. 3. Ko K, Kwon MJ, Yang SH, et al. Evaluation of serum cotinine cut-off to distinguish smokers from nonsmokers in the Korean population. Ann Lab Med. 2016; 36: 427-433. 4. Kim S. Overview of cotinine cutoff values for smoking status classification. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2016; 13: 1236.

5. Schnoll RA, Thompson M, Serrano K, et al. Brief Report: rate of nicotine metabolism and tobacco Use among persons with HIV: implications for treatment and research. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2019; 80: e36-e40. 6. Ahlstrom MG, Knudsen A, Ullum H, et al. Association between smoking status assessed with plasma-cotinine and inflammatory and endothelial …