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This paper summarizes data confirming the development of depression induced by social conflicts (DISC) in male mice of C57BL/6J strain. Repeated defeat experiences in daily agonistic confrontations induced dramatic changes in behaviors as well as in the somatic state of submissive mice (losers) that were similar to symptoms of human depression with respect to etiology, susceptibility to treatment, and symptomatology. A remarkable behavioral deficit was found in losers, who demonstrated only a passive defense and immobile postures after 20 daily defeats (tests) instead of active defense and withdrawal, which had predominated in the first confrontations. Losers never demonstrated any aggression to other individuals and displayed a decrease in ambulation in the open‐field test as well as an increase in immobility time in Porsolt's test. The development of anxiety and disturbance in communicative behavior …