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Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has been widely used as postinjury treatment; however, we investigate its ability to mitigate potential damage as a preconditioning option. Here, we tested the hypothesis that HBOT preconditioning mitigates cell death in primary rat neuronal cells (PRNCs) through the transfer of mitochondria from astrocytes.

Primary rat neuronal cells were subjected to a 90‐minute HBOT treatment at 2.5 absolute atmospheres prior to either tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐alpha) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injury to simulate the inflammation‐plagued secondary cell death associated with stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI). After incubation with TNF‐alpha or LPS, the cell viability of each group was examined.

There was a significant increase of cell viability accompanied by mitochondrial transfer in the injury groups that received HBOT preconditioning compared to …