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This paper deals with the using of adaptive filters in the biological signal processing area. It focuses on the design and implementation of adaptive filters based on virtual instrumentation in the LabVIEW development environment from National Instruments. The experiments are devoted to certain adaptive algorithms (LMS, NLMS, RLS, QR-RLS), which are implemented in LabVIEW and C# programming language in the form of dynamically linked DLL libraries. The implemented algorithms are tested in extraction of fetal ECG signal from the abdominal ECG signal of mother. The algorithms are compared in their computation time and the improvement of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) value.