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ContextThere have been numerous reports of interventions designed to improve the care of patients with diabetes, but the effectiveness of such interventions is unclear.ObjectiveTo assess the impact on glycemic control of 11 distinct strategies for quality improvement (QI) in adults with type 2 diabetes.Data Sources and Study SelectionMEDLINE (1966-April 2006) and the Cochrane Collaboration's Effective Practice and Organisation of Care Group database, which covers multiple bibliographic databases. Eligible studies included randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials and controlled before-after studies that evaluated a QI intervention targeting some aspect of clinician behavior or organizational change and reported changes in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values.Data ExtractionPostintervention difference in HbA1c values were estimated using a meta-regression model that included baseline …