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The associations of self-reported measures of physical activity from a mail survey with an objective measure of physical fitness were investigated. Respondents to a health status survey (n = 12,225), conducted in 1982 by the Institute for Aerobics Research in Dallas, TX, formed the population. From this group, males who also had a clinical examination within 60 days of the return of their questionnaire served as subjects. The study subjects (n = 375, mean age = 47.1 years) completed a maximal physical fitness assessment using a modified Balke protocol. The questionnaire included a section of inquiries concerning leisure time physical activity participation in which subjects were asked to quantitatively recall exercise participation for varying periods of time. Reported exercise participation values were converted to estimates of energy expenditure and combined into overall Indices of physical activity participation …