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The localisation and genetic organisation of bla_CTX-M-15 were studied in 37 CTX-M-15-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates collected from 2005 to 2008 within the Barcelona metropolitan area. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based replicon typing and Southern hybridisations were used to identify the bla_CTX-M-15 location. The genetic environment was analysed by PCR mapping and sequencing, and transferability of bla_CTX-M-15 was evaluated by conjugation and transformation assays. The majority of the 37 isolates carried bla_CTX-M-15 in a plasmid location, frequently associated with the aac(6′)-Ib-cr gene. Plasmids encoding bla_CTX-M-15 carried three distinct replicons, i.e. IncFII, IncR and IncFIIk, the latter two not having been described previously in association with bla_CTX-M-15. Several of these plasmids were not self-transferable. Furthermore, in all isolates belonging to sequence type ST-1, bla …