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This study of 72 undergraduate men examined the effects of two determinants of cardiovascular response—active coping and vigilance—on blood pressure and heart rate responses to social stressors. Observation of a future debate partner (ie, vigilance) evoked larger increases in blood pressure than did observation of a less relevant person, apparently through the combination of increases in cardiac output and vascular resistance. Preparation and enactment of efforts to exert social influence (ie, active coping) evoked heightened blood pressure and heart rate responses through increased cardiac contractility and output. Thus, both vigilance and active coping in social contexts increased cardiovascular reactivity, but apparently through different psychophysiological processes.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)