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The essential oil obtained from fresh leaves of Mentha arvensis (Lamiaceae), a perennial aromatic herb grown in Saudi Arabia, was screened for in vitro antibacterial activity and chemical composition. Hydro-distilled essential oil (yield 0.71%) was analysed for its chemical composition by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antibacterial activity was tested in vitro on gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Streptococcus pyogenes) and gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) using agar disc diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was also determined. The essential oil analysis displayed the presence of 21 constituents which represent 97.51% relative peak area of the whole chromatogram. The leading components of the oil were monoterpenes (92.52 …