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The majority of the available industrial enzymes are derived from microorganisms because they are capable of producing large amounts of extracellular enzymes by regulating their growth parameters. Cellulase is among the most studied and explored enzyme that acts on “cellulose,” one of the abundant biopolymers available on earth. Various microorganisms like fungi, bacteria, actinobacteria, and even archaeon have been found to have the ability to produce copious amounts of extracellular cellulases. Exploration and advancements in technology have ensured the availability of cellulases from diverse environmental habitats like soil, water, animal gut, plant endophytic tissues, and even from extremophilic conditions. Recombinant technologies, metagenomics, proteomics, and nanotechnologies combined with consolidated bioprocessing techniques have helped to enhance the efficiency of the microbial …