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BACKGROUND: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that is associated with oxidative stress and loss of cholinergic neurons leading to decrease in acetylcholine levels in the brain. Currently, the most promising approach in the management of AD has been to augment acetylcholine levels in the brain, which gradually becomes deficient during the course of the disease. Consequently, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors are currently among the best available therapy for the treatment of AD. However, these drugs have severe side effects and as such necessitated the need for the search of natural compounds with antioxidant and anticholinesterase potential. Phyllanthus amarus (P. amarus) is a widely used medicinal plant with some reported antioxidant properties. This study was carried out to investigate the anticholinesterase and antioxidant potential of Phyllantus amarus in …