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Present study aims at sustainable utilization of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) for production of valuable prebiotic xylooligosaccharides (XOS) along with second generation ethanol. Fractionation of SCB into hemicellulose rich liquid fraction and cellulose rich solid residue was achieved using alkaline treatment. Carbohydrate rich precipitate obtained from liquid fraction was utilized for XOS production using inhouse produced endoxylanase. XOS production from SCB xylan was optimized by employing response surface methodology. Under optimized conditions, maximum XOS yield was 227.72 mg/g of carbohydrate rich precipitates. The solid residue obtained after alkaline pretreatment was used for ethanol fermentation by prehydrolysis and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (P-SSF) process using cellulolytic enzyme cocktail and Saccharomyces cerevisiae SM1. Maximum ethanol concentration …