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Gene therapy is the targeted insertion of missing or absent genetic materials into the cells with aims of preventing or curing disease. As such, the successful delivery of site and pathology specific therapeutic genetic materials has gained increasing attention in biomedical applications. Because of their relative versatility and biocompatibility, silica nanoparticles (SNPs) have become highly sought- after carrier vehicles for the cellular delivery of sensitive bare genetic materials. The physicochemical properties of SNPs such as particle size, pore size, nanotopography and surface chemistry play an important role in regulating their intracellular delivery efficacy of genetic molecules. Control over these parameters is expected to significantly advance the development of silica nanocarriers for gene delivery applications.Recently there have been reports of a new class of SNPs designed with biomimetic rough surfaces that …