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A protective association between higher vitamin D levels and the onset of multiple sclerosis (MS) has been demonstrated; however, its role in modulating MS clinical course has been little studied. We investigated whether higher levels of serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25‐OH‐D) were associated with a lower risk of relapses in people with MS.

We conducted a prospective cohort study of 145 participants with relapsing‐remitting MS from 2002 to 2005. Serum 25‐OH‐D levels were measured biannually, and the hazard of relapse was assessed using survival analysis.

There was an inverse linear relationship between 25‐OH‐D levels and the hazard of relapse over the subsequent 6 months, with hazard ratio (HR) 0.91 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.85–0.97) per 10nmol/l increase in 25‐OH‐D level (p = 0.006). When variation due to timing of blood collection was removed by estimating …