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The future of ecological systems, human communities and society, and the institutions that govern people and their environments require adaptive governance systems for social-ecological resilience. Resilience is the capacity of a system to adapt to disturbances and changes while retaining its core structure, functions, and processes.'The concept of social-ecological resilience means that the resilience of social systems and ecological systems are interconnected in complex ways with nonlinear dynamics, and thus the resilience of the entire linked system is something more or different than the sum of the resilience of each separate system. 2 Adaptive governance institutions and frameworks are needed in environmental law, 3 water law, 4 and urban and land-use law. 5 Adaptive institutions and frameworks are especially needed for watershed or river basin governance, given the many strong influences that …