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Hyperglycemia occurs frequently in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. It has been identified as a risk factor for increased peri-operative morbidity and mortality.

To review the evidence of the correlation of peri-operative hyperglycemia with mortality in cardiac surgery patients and to discuss the main results in order to provide evidence-based knowledge for the appropriate glycemic control.

We searched the electronic databases MEDLINE, CINAHL and EMBASE in June 2010. The material of our study was articles published between 1 January 1990 and 31 May 2010, which investigated the correlation between peri-operative hyperglycemia and in-hospital and/or 30-day cardiac surgery mortality.

Out of the 16 reviewed articles in our study, 12 (75%) significantly associated hyperglycemia and …