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BACKGROUND: Infection is a serious adverse effect of prostate biopsy (P-Bx), and recent reports suggest an increasing incidence. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this multinational multicentre study was to evaluate prospectively the incidence of infective complications after P-Bx and identify risk factors. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: The study was performed as an adjunct to the Global Prevalence Study of Infections in Urology (GPIU) during 2010 and 2011. Men undergoing P-Bx in participating centres during the 2-wk period commencing on the GPIU study census day were eligible. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Baseline data were collected and men were questioned regarding infective complications at 2 wk following their biopsy. The Fisher exact test, Student t test, Mann-Whitney U test, and multivariate regression analysis were used for data analysis. RESULTS AND …