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We investigated the contribution of neutrophils to joint hyperalgesia and peroxynitrite formation in zymosan arthritis. Rats received 1 mg zymosan intra-articular, and joint hyperalgesia was measured using the rat knee-joint articular incapacitation test. After 6 h, joint exudates were collected by aspiration for the assessment of cell influx, myeloperoxidase activity, and nitrite (as an index of nitric oxide formation) levels. Nitrotyrosine content, used as an index of peroxynitrite formation, was measured in joint exudates, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A group of rats was rendered neutropenic through the administration of a rabbit anti-rat neutrophil antibody (2 ml kg⁻¹, i.p.) 30 min before injection of 1 mg zymosan intra-articular. Other groups received uric acid (100 or 250 mg kg⁻¹, i.p.), the peroxynitrite scavenger, 30 min before 1 mg zymosan intra-articular. Controls received the vehicle. The significant …