查看文章

Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) have been widely used in modern organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry. Multicomponent reactions are one-pot processes with three or more components that cased to produce organic compounds in high yields, short reaction times and high selectivity [1-4]. MCRs have great contribution in convergent synthesis of complex and important organic molecules from simple and readily available starting materials, and have emerged as powerful tools for drug discovery [5, 6]. Recently, heterocyclic compounds have been very important due to their biological and chemicals activities. Imidazoles are well known heterocyclic compounds with the variety of medicinal effects [7]. Imidazole nucleus is an important synthetic strategy in pharmaceutical industry. For synthesis of imidazole, there are many ways including, reaction of alpha halo ketones, aminonitrile, and aldehyde [8]. Imidazole derivatives are an important group of heterocyclic compounds that have some superior biological and chemical properties [9]. Nowadays these compounds are used in pharmacology. They have different capacity such as anti-bacterial, anti-viral, and anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory properties [10-12]. Also, the imidazole ring system is one of the main substructures found in most of natural products and pharmacologically active compounds, such as the hypnotic agent [13]. Therefore, many synthetic methods have been reported for the synthesis of multi substituted imidazoles [14].

Several methods have been used for synthesis of imidazoles including, ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) and other methods using ZrCl4, zeolites HY/silica gel …