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The epigenetics of neurotrophic factors holds the potential to unravel the mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of complex conditions such as chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). This study was undertaken to explore the role of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) genetics, epigenetics, and protein expression in patients with both CFS and comorbid fibromyalgia (CFS/FM).

A repeated‐measures study was conducted in 54 participants (28 patients with CFS/FM and 26 matched healthy controls). Participants underwent a comprehensive assessment, including questionnaires, sensory testing, and blood withdrawal. Serum BDNF (sBDNF) protein levels were measured using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, while polymorphism and DNA methylation were measured in blood using pyrosequencing technology. To assess the temporal stability of the measures, participants underwent …