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To analyse, through a pre‐clinical in vivo model, the possible mechanisms linking depression and periodontitis at behavioural, microbiological and molecular levels.

Periodontitis (P) was induced in Wistar:Han rats (oral gavages with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum) during 12 weeks, followed by a 3‐week period of Chronic Mild Stress (CMS) induction. Four groups (n = 12 rats/group) were obtained: periodontitis and CMS (P+CMS+); periodontitis without CMS; CMS without periodontitis; and control. Periodontal clinical variables, alveolar bone levels (ABL), depressive‐like behaviour, microbial counts and expression of inflammatory mediators in plasma and brain frontal cortex (FC), were measured. ANOVA tests were applied.

The highest values for ABL occurred in the P+CMS+ group, which also presented the highest expression of pro‐inflammatory …