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This study was carried out to determine the accuracy of mediastinoscopic frozen section examination, performed prior to major surgery-especially where mediastinal lymph node metastasis (N2 disease) was suspected. We aimed to find out whether or not mediastinoscopic frozen section analysis was (i) a reliable tool when deciding to continue resection in lung cancer patients and (ii) reliable in diagnosing mediastinal masses.

One-hundred and thirty-six patients undergoing mediastinoscopy were enrolled in this study. Resection was planned for each case, and biopsies were taken from at least two sites, including the subcarinal lymph node. Thoracotomy and resection were performed when the results of frozen section examination were negative for malignancy in patients with lung cancer. Results of frozen section examination …