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Background: In cross-sectional studies and short-term clinical trials, it has been suggested that there is a positive dose-response relation between alcohol consumption and HDL concentrations. However, prospective data have been limited.

Objective: We sought to determine the association between total alcohol intake, the type of alcohol-containing beverage, and the 6-y (2006–2012) longitudinal change in HDL-cholesterol concentrations in a community-based cohort.

Design: A total of 71,379 Chinese adults (mean age: 50 y) who were free of cardiovascular diseases and cancer and did not use cholesterol-lowering agents during follow-up were included in the study. Alcohol intake was assessed via a questionnaire in 2006 (baseline), and participants were classified into the following categories of alcohol consumption: never, past, light (women: 0–0.4 servings/d; men: 0–0.9 servings/d), moderate (women: 0.5–1.0 …