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Uterine fibroids (UFs) are the most frequent gynecologic tumors, affecting 70 to 80% of women over their lifetime, Although these tumors are benign, they can cause significant morbidity and may require invasive treatments such as myomectomy and hysterectomy in premenopausal women at a cost of up to $34 billion per year. Many risk factors for these tumors have been identified, including environmental exposures to endocrine-disrupting chemicals such as genistein and diethylstilbestrol (and other environmental agents) resulting in hyper-responsiveness to hormone in the adult uterus and promotion of hormone-dependent UFs. Although the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of UFs is largely unknown, a growing body of evidence implicates unfavorable early-life environmental exposure and multiple biological pathways express as potentially import contributors. In this article, we will review the …