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In the current clinical setting, the management of Mycobacterium tuberculosis remains a challenge. Isoniazid (INH) remains a drug of choice for treating tuberculosis (TB) via the conventional oral route. However, INH has low plasma levels due to its poor permeability into the bacterial cell. Furthermore, it has a short half-life of 1–4 h, indicating a brief residence in the plasma. Therefore, multiple administration frequencies at high doses are required, leading to multi-drug resistance and other side effects like nephrotoxicity. Lungs being the main target organ for TB, a pulmonary route of administration could be an alternative route to overcome such shortcomings. Due to multiple clearance mechanisms and biological barriers that restrict the entry of particles into the respiratory system, the pulmonary route of drug administration may not always be efficient. Thus, the era of nanotechnology has emerged as one of the most …