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Resveratrol protection on the main functions of purified rat brain mitochondria submitted to anoxia-reoxygenation was investigated. Resveratrol (<0.1 μM) reversed partly (23.3%) the respiratory control ratio (RCR) decrease by protecting both states 3 and 4. This effect was both observed when resveratrol was added before anoxia or reoxygenation. Resveratrol fully inhibited the release of cytochrome c in a concentration-dependent manner and significantly decreased the superoxide anion (O₂⁰⁻) production at a concentration of 1 nM. The mitochondrial membranes damaged after the anoxia-reoxygenation were partly protected (about 70%) by resveratrol at 0.1 μM. The oxygen consumption of mitochondria in presence of NADH and cytochrome c was significantly inhibited by resveratrol with a low EC₅₀ of 18.34 pM. Resveratrol inhibited the CCCP-induced uncoupling from about 20%. The effects of resveratrol on …