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Panax ginseng (Gin) potentiates the immune system via its antioxidant properties. Royal jelly (RJ), as an antioxidant, has been shown to attenuate oxidative stress damage in several vital organs. The current study aimed to determine whether Gin and RJ can ameliorate the toxic effects of diabetes on the hepatic and renal functions of male rats.

A total of 40 Wistar male albino rats were randomly divided into five groups, namely the control, diabetes (STZ), diabetes + Gin (STZ+Gin), diabetes + RJ (STZ+RJ), and diabetes + Gin + RJ (STZ+Gin+RJ) groups.

The ability of RJ and Gin treatment to ameliorate liver injury was substantiated by the significant improvement in liver and kidney functions verified by lowered activity levels of liver function enzymes and improved renal biomarkers and lipid profile. The results revealed that RJ and Gin significantly reduced STZ-induced diabetes and …