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The main objective of this study was to assess and compare the hydrothermal decomposition and oxidation trends of three waste types containing various quantities of the basic ingredients of biosolids; proteins, lipids, hydrocarbons and fibres. The three waste types were wastewater treatment sludge, wood waste and dairy waste. The wastes contained approximately 1.3–2% total solids (TS) and 20400–26700 mg/l chemical oxygen demand (COD). The experimental program consisted of hydrothermal treatment experiments conducted in a batch reaction vessel at temperatures in the range of 100–450 °C, oxidant (hydrogen peroxide) in the range of 0–150% of the COD, and reaction times of up to 60 min. The results confirmed that the waste composition, availability of oxidant, reaction temperature, and reaction time were the determining factors in terms of decomposition and oxidation effectiveness. The wood waste …