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We studied purposefully produced silver, gold, iron oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide, manganese oxide, lead oxide, and zinc oxide nanoparticles using two experimental models: (a) a single intratracheal (IT) instillation in low doses 24 h before the bronchoalveolar lavage to obtain a fluid for cytological and biochemical assessment; (b) repeated intraperitoneal (IP) injections during 6–7 weeks in non-lethal doses to assess the thus induced subchronic intoxication by a lot of functional and morphological indices and by the distribution and elimination of respective nanoparticles. Along with assessing the toxicity of these metallic nanoparticles (Me-NPs) acting separately, we also studied the same effects of some practically relevant Me-NP combinations. Besides, we carried out a 10-month inhalation experiment with an iron oxide (Fe₂O₃) nano-aerosol. We demonstrated that Me-NPs are much more noxious as …