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Leukocyte recruitment from the blood circulation into tissue is essential for effective immune responses, and is, consequently carefully regulated. In this article Yoshiya Tanaka and co-workers describe a model in which proteoglycans on the luminal surface of endothelium capture pro-adhesive cytokines. These cytokines provide the adhesion-inducing signal to particular leukocyte subsets which initiates their transmigration.

There are four central elements in the model we outline here.(1) Leukocyte entry into tissue involves a cascade of molecular events, in which leukocyte adhesion plays a critical role.(2) Cytokines produced within the tissue are important inducers of leukocyte subsetspecific adhesion.(3) Pro-adhesive cytokines recruit leukocytes most efficiently when immobilized on the luminal surface of endothelium rather than in solution.(4) Proteoglycans on the luminal surface of endothelium are mainr n~ rricino …