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Although glutamine (Gln) is mitogenic in various cell types, little is known about its role in human dental pulp cells (HDPCs). This study investigated the effects of Gln on proliferation, migration, and odontoblastic differentiation of HDPCs and the underlying signal pathway mechanisms.

Growth and migration were assessed by cell counting and colorimetric cell migration kits. Differentiation was measured as alkaline phosphatase activity, calcified nodule formation by alizarin red staining, and marker mRNA expression by reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Chemokine expression was also evaluated by RT-PCR. Signal transduction pathways were examined by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis.

Gln dose-dependently increased proliferation, migration, alkaline phosphatase activity, mineralized nodule formation, and odontoblast-marker mRNA of HDPCs. Gln also up …