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Differences in gene expression and functions of synovial fibroblasts between distinct joints might lead to site-specific activation of arthritis-relevant pathways. We previously showed that the transcription factors HOX-D10, -D11 and -D13 are higher expressed in synovial fibroblasts from hands and feet compared to shoulder and knee, and that this expression pattern is epigenetically imprinted¹.

To investigate the functional role of HOXD13 in synovial fibroblasts.

Synovial fibroblasts from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (n=2) were cultured and transfected with HOXD13 antisense LNA GapmeRs (12.5 nM). Transcriptomes were determined by RNA-seq (Illumina NovaSeq 6000). Pathway enrichment analysis of RNA-seq data was performed using web-based tools (ToppGene, EnrichR and Cytoscape) (± fold change > 1.5, FDR < 0.05). The expression of histone deacetylases (HDACs …