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The use of solar air heaters (SAH), which convert solar energy into heat energy, is one of the most efficient methods currently available for capturing the energy of the sun. However, because SAH have lower thermal efficiency, researchers have been concentrating on developing methods to modify the flow field to artificially boost thermal performance. In this work, a numerical investigation that focuses on a SAH that has been deliberately roughened using broken arc ribs is presented. This numerical analysis aims to determine the impact of incorporating broken arc ribs compared to smooth ones and how various roughness factors affect the friction factor and Nusselt number (Nu). The RNG k-turbulence model was used for the simulation. To solve the continuity, momentum, and energy equations, version R19. 2 of Ansys FLUENT software was used. The results of the CFD study show that the average Nusselt number …