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Whether species interactions influence species response to environment and species ranges has always been a central question in ecology. Joint species distribution models (JSDMs) simultaneously model the species–environment relationships of multiple species and the residual correlation between these species. These residual correlations are assumed to depict whether species co‐occur less or more often than expected by the modelled species–environment relationships, which could ultimately be attributed to species interactions, or hidden environmental information. Here, we propose to specifically test the capacity of JSDMs to detect species interactions from co‐occurrence data, at different scales of data aggregation. Using a recently published point‐process model, we simulated equilibrium co‐occurrence patterns of species pairs by varying the strength and type of interactions (e.g. competition, predator …