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Deuterophoma tracheiphila Petri). The name of the disease stems from the Italian words male (disease) and secco (dry). The term “malsecco,” referring to nonspecific symptoms, was initially used in a broad sense to indicate citrus diseases of various origins (129). Later, Petri (101) used the term “mal secco of citrus” in a more strict sense to indicate the tracheomycotic disease that was spreading in lemon orchards in Sicily. Mal secco first appeared affecting lemon trees on the islands of Chios and Poros (Greece) near the end of the nineteenth century. In 1929, Petri (101) described the fungus causing mal secco as a new species and named it Deuterophoma tracheiphila, which he proposed as the type-species of the new genus Deuterophoma Petri. The species was transferred to Phoma by Kantschaveli and Gikachvili in 1948 (15). Later, Ciccarone and Russo (31) and Ciccarone (30), who amended the description of …