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Juvenile delinquency in the whole world, both in terms of the patterns and results is a major social problem. In turning to crime, child hunger, poverty, unemployment, adverse environmental conditions such as rapidly changing social structure plays an important role. Among the effects of poverty on children’s health due to insufficient nutrition, not only growth and developmental delay, but also emotional and behavioral problems has an important place. Lack of the essential amino acids, fats and micro-nutrients required for normal development and function of the nervous system can cause a number of psychosocial problems such as hyperactivity, restlessness, aggression and substance abuse by affecting adversely the physical and mental development. In this review, we aimed to investigate the effects of hormonal-biochemical-metabolic changes caused by hunger and nutritional deficiencies on brain development, human mood and behavior and to develop possible solutions.