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Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), a clonal myeloproliferative disorder, is characterized by a biphasic or triphasic course. The disease is diagnosed in chronic phase in over 80% of patients, 10% in accelerated phase and, another10% of patients in blast crisis. Tthe median survival in chronic phase with conventional chemotherapy is 35 to 65 months, being improved by the tyrosine kinase inhibitors-88% of patients at 72 months. The clonal evolution and genetic instability are the main causes of the progression of the disease in accelerated phase or blast crisis, in these conditions the survival rate being significantly lower.