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We examined the cerebrospinal fluid (CF) taken on admission from 60 patients with infections caused by Neisseria meningitidis for presence of TNF-alpha, IL-1, and IL-6. TNF-alpha was detected in CF in 55 and 19% (p = 0.03), IL-1 in 50 and 15% (p = 0.05), and IL-6 in 98 and 100% of patients with meningitis and septic shock/bacteremia, respectively. The median IL-6 concentration in CF in patients with meningitis was 154 ng/ml, and in patients with septic shock/bacteremia it was 42 ng/ml (p = 0.001). The level of LPS in CF correlated with the level of TNF-alpha (r = 0.91, p less than 0.001), but not with the level of IL-1 and IL-6. CF levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1, and IL-6 correlated with each other (r = 0.34-0.54, p less than 0.01), with the protein concentration (r = 0.34-0.62, p less than 0.01) and inversely with the CF/blood glucose ratio (r = -0.34 to -0.67, p less than 0.01). Only the Il-6 level correlated with the leukocyte …