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Despite its economic and environmental significance, understanding the molecular biology of secondary growth (i.e. wood formation) in tree species has been lagging behind that of primary growth, primarily due to the inherent difficulties of tree biology. In recent years, Arabidopsis has been shown to express all of the major components of secondary growth. Arabidopsis was induced to undergo secondary growth and the transcriptome profile changes were surveyed during secondary growth using 8.3 K Arabidopsis Genome Arrays. Twenty per cent of the ∼8300 genes surveyed in this study were differentially regulated in the stems treated for wood formation. Genes of unknown function made up the largest category of the differentially expressed genes, followed by transcription regulation‐related genes. Examination of the expression patterns of the genes involved in the sequential events of secondary growth (i …