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Using ³²P-labelled oligonucleotides derived from the coding regions of dopamine D₁, D₂ and D₃ receptor mRNAs we localized cells containing transcripts for these receptors in the human (hD₁, hD₂) and rat brain (rD₁, rD₂, rD₃). Dopamine D₁ receptor mRNA was detected at high levels in neurons of the caudate and putamen as well as in the nucleus accumbens in both human and rat brain. In the rat brain D₁ receptor mRNA was also abundant in the olfactory tubercles and several thalamic nuclei. In both species D₁ mRNA was absent from the neurons of the substantia nigra and the ventral tegmental area as well as from the globus pallidus medialis in humans and entopeduncular nucleus in rats. In contrast, dopamine D₂ receptor mRNA was found in dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta and of the ventral tegmental area. In addition high levels of D₂ mRNA were detected in neurons of the …