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Gas sensors are playing an increasingly important role in environmental monitoring, control of chemical processes, remote sensing in Space, and agricultural and medical applications. The most widely used versions are oxygen sensors, most of which directly indicate the presence, concentration, and quantity of oxygen in their environment. 1 This makes them" direct read" devices, as compared with other chemical instruments that involve Sepa ration methods, such as chromatography or the addition of chemical reagents. The oxygen sensor contains a specific material or sensing element that interacts with oxygen and produces a measurable Sig nal (usually either electrical or optical). The most widely used materials include solid electrolytes such as zirconia and Clark electrodes (Ag/AgCl), but optical sensing methods, especially in medical and biological applications, are gaining wider usage.

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