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Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is associated with a poor prognosis and poses a significant burden to the healthcare system, but few studies have evaluated whether OHCA incidence and survival have changed over time.

A population-based cohort study was conducted, including 34 291 OHCA patients >20 years of age who were transported alive to the emergency department of an acute-care hospital from April 1, 2002, to March 31, 2012, in Ontario, Canada. Patients with life-threatening trauma and those who died before hospital arrival were excluded. The overall age- and sex-standardized incidence of OHCA patients who were transported alive was 36 cases per 100 000 persons and did not significantly change over the study period. Cardiac risk factor prevalence increased significantly, whereas the rate of most cardiovascular conditions decreased significantly. The 30 …