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The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB; Ajzen, 1985), an extension of the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA; Fishbein & Ajzen, 1975), has been the dominant theoretical approach to guide research on health-related behaviour for the past three decades. The theory is well recognised amongst researchers and is also familiar to many students, practitioners and policy-makers.

The TPB proposes that volitional human behaviour is a function of the intention to perform the behaviour and perceived behavioural control (PBC). Intention is hypothesised to be a function of attitudes towards the behaviour, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control. The degree to which PBC influences behaviour directly (rather than indirectly through intention) is hypothesised to depend on the degree of actual control over the behaviour. Attitudes, subjective norms and PBC are assumed to be based on the strength and evaluation of …